{"id":1858,"date":"2020-09-15T08:54:30","date_gmt":"2020-09-15T08:54:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/?page_id=1858"},"modified":"2020-09-15T19:35:34","modified_gmt":"2020-09-15T19:35:34","slug":"la-recherche-publique-ne-survivra-peut-etre-pas-au-management-darwiniste-de-la-science","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/?page_id=1858","title":{"rendered":"Mirage de l\u2019excellence et naufrage de la recherche publique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_full-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_heading-5ff3fc1cbac4c5f5099dc7d447029357\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-5ff3fc1cbac4c5f5099dc7d447029357{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-5ff3fc1cbac4c5f5099dc7d447029357 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-5ff3fc1cbac4c5f5099dc7d447029357 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-av_heading-5ff3fc1cbac4c5f5099dc7d447029357 av-special-heading-h1  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Mirage de l\u2019excellence et naufrage de la recherche publique &#8211; AOC 16.09.2020<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-27az7m-c177adf2d76d3b839d904cb460485744 hr-default  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_three_fourth-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6\">\n.flex_column.av-av_three_fourth-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_three_fourth-79ff81c021393065cee878051452f6a6 av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_fourth  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf3onwhf-0691c292a88ef69e3d62c86c6632b217 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>David Chavalarias (Directeur de Recherche CNRS) et Philippe Huneman (Directeur de Recherche CNRS)<\/p>\n<p>Figures compl\u00e9mentaires \u00e0 l&#8217;article AOC du 16 09 2020 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/aoc.media\/analyse\/2020\/09\/15\/le-mirage-de-lexcellence-menera-t-il-au-naufrage-de-la-recherche-publique\/#_ftn1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mirage de l\u2019excellence et naufrage de la recherche publique<\/a>&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_fourth-49f6e875884219cf77c24341e550af53\">\n.flex_column.av-av_one_fourth-49f6e875884219cf77c24341e550af53{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_one_fourth-49f6e875884219cf77c24341e550af53 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_three_fourth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><article  class='iconbox iconbox_top av-kf4cw25e-d713c13b95d79bb6419217903f6c9806  avia-builder-el-6  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  main_color'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconbox_content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\" aria-label=\"Icon: Lire l\u2019article sur AOC\"><a href='https:\/\/aoc.media\/analyse\/2020\/09\/15\/le-mirage-de-lexcellence-menera-t-il-au-naufrage-de-la-recherche-publique\/#_ftn1' title='Lire l\u2019article sur AOC' aria-label='Lire l\u2019article sur AOC'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class='iconbox_icon heading-color avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue84d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title=\"Lire l\u2019article sur AOC\" desc=\"Lire l\u2019article sur AOC\" ><\/a><h3 class='iconbox_content_title '  itemprop=\"headline\" ><a href='https:\/\/aoc.media\/analyse\/2020\/09\/15\/le-mirage-de-lexcellence-menera-t-il-au-naufrage-de-la-recherche-publique\/#_ftn1' title='Lire l\u2019article sur AOC'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lire l\u2019article sur AOC<\/a><\/h3><\/header><div class='iconbox_content_container '  itemprop=\"text\" ><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-e5jg36-efadbd6f747b89ab2387276db9c64a0c\">\n.flex_column.av-e5jg36-efadbd6f747b89ab2387276db9c64a0c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-e5jg36-efadbd6f747b89ab2387276db9c64a0c av_one_full  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_heading-c4d51d5e203edfa5825152d3284ad16e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-c4d51d5e203edfa5825152d3284ad16e{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-c4d51d5e203edfa5825152d3284ad16e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-c4d51d5e203edfa5825152d3284ad16e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-av_heading-c4d51d5e203edfa5825152d3284ad16e av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-8  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Reconstruction de l\u2019\u00e9volution des recherches sur les technologies futures et \u00e9mergentes 1990 &#8211; 2010<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf4chssl-cd29b1dd7a9fdc16d1d544af98b493cb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Source :<\/strong> Chavalarias, David, and Jean-Philippe Cointet. 2013. <em>Science Phylomemy<\/em>. Paris, France. Courtesy of the Complex Systems Institute of Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF), the Center for Social Mathematics and Analysis (CAMS-CNRS) and INRA-SenS. In \u201c9th Iteration (2013): Science Maps Showing Trends and Dynamics,\u201d <em>Places &amp; Spaces: Mapping Science<\/em>, edited by Katy B\u00f6rner and Todd N. Theriault. <a href=\"http:\/\/scimaps.org\">http:\/\/scimaps.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kf3opgvz-275cb39548b5f51fb48dbb99672c6cb9\">\n.avia-image-container.av-kf3opgvz-275cb39548b5f51fb48dbb99672c6cb9 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-kf3opgvz-275cb39548b5f51fb48dbb99672c6cb9 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-kf3opgvz-275cb39548b5f51fb48dbb99672c6cb9 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1860 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1860 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall.png\" alt='' title='FetPhyloSmall'  height=\"93\" width=\"1083\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall.png 1083w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall-1030x88.png 1030w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall-768x66.png 768w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/FetPhyloSmall-705x61.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1083px) 100vw, 1083px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf3orys2-9fcbc1eca3db71c8c927b4f9f4fb5685 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Extrait de la <a href=\"http:\/\/scimaps.org\/mapdetail\/science_phylomemy_159\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">phylom\u00e9mie des technologies futures et \u00e9mergente<\/a>s reconstruite \u00e0 partir de 20 ans de publications scientifiques. Chaque branche &#8211; comme celle encadr\u00e9e de pointill\u00e9es qui correspond aux recherche sur les ordinateurs quantiques &#8211; repr\u00e9sente une branche de la science qui se d\u00e9ploie dans le temps (de haut en bas). Chaque petit carr\u00e9 contient la description d&#8217;un champ de recherche sur une p\u00e9riode donn\u00e9e (voir ci-dessous).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-18yhbm-e54a9895509eb177a0c5a22f9947e223\">\n.flex_column.av-18yhbm-e54a9895509eb177a0c5a22f9947e223{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-18yhbm-e54a9895509eb177a0c5a22f9947e223 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4m0jr6-1e5adde0787914988a0caf069a8a32b3\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-4m0jr6-1e5adde0787914988a0caf069a8a32b3{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-4m0jr6-1e5adde0787914988a0caf069a8a32b3 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-4m0jr6-1e5adde0787914988a0caf069a8a32b3 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-4m0jr6-1e5adde0787914988a0caf069a8a32b3 av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-13  el_before_av_image_hotspot  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Exemple de reconfiguration d\u2019un champ scientifique<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-sub-av-kf3ovfth-600f90409de61d781e391198e1414a1a\">\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-1x11b6-579cca9b860f632dbb5c34a17db48eee{\ntop:50.6%;\nleft:42.4%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-1x11b6-579cca9b860f632dbb5c34a17db48eee .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-1x11b6-579cca9b860f632dbb5c34a17db48eee .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-cd99wi-34e17d3de2bcf5482ce2ad478de9ce6d{\ntop:34.4%;\nleft:40%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-cd99wi-34e17d3de2bcf5482ce2ad478de9ce6d .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-cd99wi-34e17d3de2bcf5482ce2ad478de9ce6d .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-2qma2q-2ebb1edc8699c000ebb144823380426c{\ntop:50%;\nleft:50%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-hotspot-image-container av-kf3ovfth-600f90409de61d781e391198e1414a1a  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  av-hotspot-numbered av-mobile-fallback-active  av-non-fullwidth-hotspot-image'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class='av-hotspot-container'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-cell'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-wrap'><div class='av-image-hotspot av-1x11b6-579cca9b860f632dbb5c34a17db48eee av-image-hotspot-1 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Description d&#8217;un champ scientifique sur la p\u00e9riode 1998-2002&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>1<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot av-cd99wi-34e17d3de2bcf5482ce2ad478de9ce6d av-image-hotspot-2 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Lien de filiation entre champs scientifiques&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>2<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot av-2qma2q-2ebb1edc8699c000ebb144823380426c av-image-hotspot-3 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Ce domaine de recherche conna\u00eet un &#8216;trou d&#8217;air&#8217; suite \u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats n\u00e9gatifs, qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 sa reconfiguration. Ce trou d&#8217;air n&#8217;est pas visible\u00a0 par l&#8217;observation du simple rythme des publications qui continue de cro\u00eetre r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement.&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>3<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1861 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1861 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail.png\" alt='' title='PhyloQuantumComputerDetail'  height=\"2531\" width=\"3313\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail.png 3313w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-1030x787.png 1030w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-768x587.png 768w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-1536x1173.png 1536w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-2048x1565.png 2048w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-1500x1146.png 1500w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/PhyloQuantumComputerDetail-705x539.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3313px) 100vw, 3313px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-1 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">1<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nDescription d&#8217;un champ scientifique sur la p\u00e9riode 1998-2002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-2 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">2<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nLien de filiation entre champs scientifiques<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-3 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">3<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nCe domaine de recherche conna\u00eet un &#8216;trou d&#8217;air&#8217; suite \u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats n\u00e9gatifs, qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 sa reconfiguration. Ce trou d&#8217;air n&#8217;est pas visible\u00a0 par l&#8217;observation du simple rythme des publications qui continue de cro\u00eetre r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf3oyj05-7f298226d244b30ea371467cab73e137 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Zoom sur la branche repr\u00e9sentant la recherche sur les ordinateurs quantiques. A droite, est affich\u00e9e l&#8217;historique du champs tel qu&#8217;il est d\u00e9crit sur Wikipedia. Le trou d&#8217;air dans la branche phylomemetique correspond \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de deux r\u00e9sultats n\u00e9gatifs publi\u00e9s en 2001 qui ont amen\u00e9 ce champ \u00e0 changer d&#8217;orientation et \u00e9crire une nouvelle feuille de route.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/p>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7alp82-e0acdedd3bcc2819e9a380e58cd811b8\">\n.flex_column.av-7alp82-e0acdedd3bcc2819e9a380e58cd811b8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7alp82-e0acdedd3bcc2819e9a380e58cd811b8 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9uudz6-14ac9b3a2aaec3c69c5829a5b97320e1\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-9uudz6-14ac9b3a2aaec3c69c5829a5b97320e1{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-9uudz6-14ac9b3a2aaec3c69c5829a5b97320e1 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-9uudz6-14ac9b3a2aaec3c69c5829a5b97320e1 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-9uudz6-14ac9b3a2aaec3c69c5829a5b97320e1 av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-17  el_before_av_image_hotspot  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Exemple d\u2019hybridization de deux domaines de recherche<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-sub-av-kf3pa0di-fa94b398d0e9ab3f483f244a310a0a27\">\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-9duode-2922677b5c5adf0cf97264ff52bd30cb{\ntop:10%;\nleft:60.7%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-9duode-2922677b5c5adf0cf97264ff52bd30cb .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-9duode-2922677b5c5adf0cf97264ff52bd30cb .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-7pzjhu-200f53857582cc96a02d54dd41e2d4c3{\ntop:26.9%;\nleft:40%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-7pzjhu-200f53857582cc96a02d54dd41e2d4c3 .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-7pzjhu-200f53857582cc96a02d54dd41e2d4c3 .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-nivjm-dc870e5b432b910bca2beff59ae41f55{\ntop:35.6%;\nleft:44.3%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-nivjm-dc870e5b432b910bca2beff59ae41f55 .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-nivjm-dc870e5b432b910bca2beff59ae41f55 .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-hotspot-image-container av-kf3pa0di-fa94b398d0e9ab3f483f244a310a0a27  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  av-hotspot-numbered av-mobile-fallback-active  av-non-fullwidth-hotspot-image'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class='av-hotspot-container'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-cell'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-wrap'><div class='av-image-hotspot av-9duode-2922677b5c5adf0cf97264ff52bd30cb av-image-hotspot-1 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Avant 1993, la recherche prosth\u00e9tique se concentre sur des approches traditionnelles : amputation, proth\u00e8se, structure des os, etc.&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>1<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot av-7pzjhu-200f53857582cc96a02d54dd41e2d4c3 av-image-hotspot-2 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;En 1996, article s\u00e9minal &lt;a class=&quot;docsum-title&quot; href=&quot;https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8713554\/&quot; data-ga-category=&quot;result_click&quot; data-ga-action=&quot;7&quot; data-ga-label=&quot;8713554&quot; data-full-article-url=&quot;from_term=%22mirror+neurons%22&amp;from_filter=years.1996-1999&amp;from_sort=pubdate&amp;from_pos=7&quot; data-article-id=&quot;8713554&quot;&gt;Premotor cortex and the recognition of motor actions\u00a0&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;docsum-authors full-authors&quot;&gt;Rizzolatti et al. &lt;span class=&quot;docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Brain Res Cogn Brain Res.&lt;\/em&gt; qui pr\u00e9sente&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt; la th\u00e9orie des &lt;em&gt;neurones miroir, &lt;\/em&gt;nouvelle piste de compr\u00e9hension des comportements moteurs. &lt;span class=&quot;docsum-authors full-authors&quot;&gt;&lt;br \/&gt;\n&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>2<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot av-nivjm-dc870e5b432b910bca2beff59ae41f55 av-image-hotspot-3 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Les domaines de recherche sur les neurones miroir &amp; interaction homme-machine et celui de la recherche prosth\u00e9tique convergent rapidement.&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>3<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1859 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1859 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2.png\" alt='' title='Prosthesis2'  height=\"1990\" width=\"1746\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2.png 1746w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-263x300.png 263w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-904x1030.png 904w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-768x875.png 768w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-1348x1536.png 1348w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-1316x1500.png 1316w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/Prosthesis2-619x705.png 619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1746px) 100vw, 1746px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-1 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">1<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nAvant 1993, la recherche prosth\u00e9tique se concentre sur des approches traditionnelles : amputation, proth\u00e8se, structure des os, etc.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-2 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">2<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nEn 1996, article s\u00e9minal <a class=\"docsum-title\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8713554\/\" data-ga-category=\"result_click\" data-ga-action=\"7\" data-ga-label=\"8713554\" data-full-article-url=\"from_term=%22mirror+neurons%22&amp;from_filter=years.1996-1999&amp;from_sort=pubdate&amp;from_pos=7\" data-article-id=\"8713554\">Premotor cortex and the recognition of motor actions\u00a0<\/a><span class=\"docsum-authors full-authors\">Rizzolatti et al. <span class=\"docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation\"><em>Brain Res Cogn Brain Res.<\/em> qui pr\u00e9sente<\/span><\/span> la th\u00e9orie des <em>neurones miroir, <\/em>nouvelle piste de compr\u00e9hension des comportements moteurs. <span class=\"docsum-authors full-authors\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-3 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">3<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nLes domaines de recherche sur les neurones miroir &amp; interaction homme-machine et celui de la recherche prosth\u00e9tique convergent rapidement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf3pc4e9-e3dffd9d4a2f1d4a275e682391a1ae8b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Exemple d&#8217;hybridation de deux champs scientifiques : <em>sciences cognitives<\/em> avec la d\u00e9couverte des <em>neurones miroirs<\/em> d&#8217;un c\u00f4t\u00e9, <em>science prosth\u00e9tique<\/em> de l&#8217;autre. Les chercheurs participants \u00e0 cette hybridations devaient avoir des comp\u00e9tences interdisciplinaires en mesure de leur permettre d&#8217;imaginer ce rapprochement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7alp82-2992ee3d319dcc3514aeffd4fc1c886f\">\n.flex_column.av-7alp82-2992ee3d319dcc3514aeffd4fc1c886f{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-7alp82-2992ee3d319dcc3514aeffd4fc1c886f av_one_half  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jd642-71c8eeb30998214c03353a5c18a7214d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-4jd642-71c8eeb30998214c03353a5c18a7214d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-4jd642-71c8eeb30998214c03353a5c18a7214d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-4jd642-71c8eeb30998214c03353a5c18a7214d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-4jd642-71c8eeb30998214c03353a5c18a7214d av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-21  el_before_av_image_hotspot  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Exemple d\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019un nouveau domaine de recherche<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-sub-av-kf3pa0di-a226344cd0b1a14c038928e5ba0b28d1\">\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-37vmwi-d15316ba848cbc8908a419f4e9af64cd{\ntop:56.9%;\nleft:69.4%;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-37vmwi-d15316ba848cbc8908a419f4e9af64cd .av-image-hotspot_inner{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#888888;\n}\n.av-hotspot-image-container .av-image-hotspot.av-37vmwi-d15316ba848cbc8908a419f4e9af64cd .av-image-hotspot-pulse{\nbackground-color:#7bb0e7;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-hotspot-image-container av-kf3pa0di-a226344cd0b1a14c038928e5ba0b28d1  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  av-hotspot-numbered av-mobile-fallback-active  av-non-fullwidth-hotspot-image'  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class='av-hotspot-container'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-cell'><div class='av-hotspot-container-inner-wrap'><div class='av-image-hotspot av-37vmwi-d15316ba848cbc8908a419f4e9af64cd av-image-hotspot-1 ' data-avia-tooltip-position='top' data-avia-tooltip-alignment='left' data-avia-tooltip-class='av-tt-default-width av-tt-pos-above av-tt-align-left  av-mobile-fallback-active  main_color av-tt-hotspot' data-avia-tooltip='&lt;p&gt;Apparition soudaine en 2003 du champ de recherche dans la phylomemie. Les premiers articles \u00e0 \u00eatre largement cit\u00e9s sur ce sujet ont effectivement \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 2003 et 2004. Ces articles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crits \u00e0 l&#8217;intersection des nouvelles technologies et des sciences sociales, sur les questions d&#8217;apprentissage dans ces nouveaux environnement, d&#8217;identification de types de joueurs, etc. Ils demandaient donc une certaine h\u00e9t\u00e9rodoxie de la part des chercheurs qui y ont pris part.&lt;\/p&gt;\n'><div class='av-image-hotspot_inner'>1<\/div><div class='av-image-hotspot-pulse'><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1862 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1862 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer.png\" alt='' title='MultiPlayer'  height=\"1340\" width=\"1630\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer.png 1630w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-1030x847.png 1030w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-768x631.png 768w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-1536x1263.png 1536w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-1500x1233.png 1500w, https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2020\/09\/MultiPlayer-705x580.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1630px) 100vw, 1630px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip av-image-hotspot-1 '><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-count\">1<div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-hotspot-fallback-tooltip-inner clearfix\"><p>\nApparition soudaine en 2003 du champ de recherche dans la phylomemie. Les premiers articles \u00e0 \u00eatre largement cit\u00e9s sur ce sujet ont effectivement \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 2003 et 2004. Ces articles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crits \u00e0 l&#8217;intersection des nouvelles technologies et des sciences sociales, sur les questions d&#8217;apprentissage dans ces nouveaux environnement, d&#8217;identification de types de joueurs, etc. Ils demandaient donc une certaine h\u00e9t\u00e9rodoxie de la part des chercheurs qui y ont pris part.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kf3pc4e9-e3dffd9d4a2f1d4a275e682391a1ae8b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Exemple d&#8217;\u00e9mergence d&#8217;un champ de recherche dans une phylomemie : l&#8217;\u00e9tude des jeux en ligne massivement multi-joueurs. Les premiers articles a \u00eatre largement cit\u00e9s sur ce sujet ont effectivement \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 2003 et 2004. Ces articles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crit \u00e0 l&#8217;intersection des nouvelles technologies et des sciences sociales, sur les questions d&#8217;apprentissage dans ces nouveaux environnement, identification de types de joueurs, etc. Ils demandaient donc une certaine h\u00e9t\u00e9rodoxie de la part des chercheurs qui y ont pris part.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1858","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1858"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1921,"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1858\/revisions\/1921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscpif.fr\/chavalarias\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}